Efecto de un entrenamiento interválico intensivo sobre capacidad para repetir esprints en futbolistas juveniles en una región andina
Effect of an intensity interval training program on the ability to repeat sprints in youth soccer players in an Andean region
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56712/latam.v6i1.3499Palabras clave:
entrenamiento deportivo, alta intensidad, fútbol, capacidad de repetir esprintsResumen
El fútbol de alta competencia exige secuencias de esprints repetidos con recuperaciones incompletas, que generan fatiga en los jugadores. Por ello es primordial tener capacidad de repetir estímulos cortos y máximos para tener éxito en competencias. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de un programa de entrenamiento interválico intensivo corto en el rendimiento de la capacidad de repetir esprints (RSA) en 15 futbolistas varones juveniles (categoría sub-16) a 2500 ms.n.m. Las RSA pre-intervención y post-intervención se evaluó por medio de la ejecución de 8 esprints consecutivos (40m por esprint y 30s recuperación entre esprints) cuyos tiempos por esprints se registraron con el dispositivo RACES TEST® de Chronojump®. El programa de entrenamiento se aplicó por 12 semanas, dividido en tres etapas de cuatro semanas de duración cada una: acumulación, transformación y realización. Los cambios en las variables de la RSA como RSAMedia, RSAMejor, RSAPeor, RSAIdeal, RSATotal y el Índice de Fatiga (Sdec) se evaluaron con la prueba-t de datos pareados y el estadístico g de Hedges. Los resultados mostraron cambios estadísticamente significativos (p < 0.01) en todas las variables, con: RSA Media de 6,28 a 5,98 s y un Tamaño del efecto (TE)=0.60 (efecto moderado); RSA Mejor de 5,78 a 5,69 y un TE=0.19 (efecto trivial); RSA Peor de 6,76 a 6,31 s y un TE=0.78 (efecto moderado); RSA Ideal de 46,29 a 45,54 y un TE=0.19 (efecto trivial); RSA Total de 50,23-47,81 s y un TE=0.60 (efecto moderado); y un Índice de Fatiga (Sdec) de 8,58 a 4,98% con un TE=1,14 (efecto grande). Estos valores evidencian que el entrenamiento experimental mejora la capacidad de repetir esprints y consecuentemente el rendimiento.
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