Manejo de la nefropatía diabética: Artículo de revisión
Management of diabetic nephropathy: Review article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56712/latam.v6i1.3314Palabras clave:
nefropatía diabética, diabetes mellitus, tratamientoResumen
La nefropatía diabética (ND) es una complicación común de la diabetes que daña los riñones. Se caracteriza por alteraciones estructurales y funcionales causadas principalmente por niveles altos de azúcar en sangre e hipertensión. La ND progresa lentamente, comenzando con microalbuminuria y pudiendo llegar a insuficiencia renal. El control de la glucosa y la presión arterial, junto con nuevas terapias, son clave para frenar su avance. El objetivo principal es actualizar conocimientos sobre la nefropatía diabética. En diciembre del 2024, se realizó un artículo de revisión acerca de la nefropatía diabética, este está basado en estudios de los últimos 5 años encontrados en base de datos como PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE y Google Académico. Se identificaron 21 estudios que cumplen con los criterios de inclusión e incluyen definición, fisiopatología, clasificación, factores de riesgo, manifestaciones clínicas, diagnósticos, tratamiento farmacológico, cambios en el estilo de vida y comorbilidades del tema descrito. La nefropatía diabética es una complicación grave de la diabetes que necesita atención proactiva para evitar la insuficiencia renal. La detección temprana, el control de la glucosa y la presión arterial, cambios en el estilo de vida y terapias farmacológicas son clave para mejorar los resultados. Ante el aumento de la diabetes, sobre todo en países en desarrollo, es crucial que los sistemas de salud implementen programas de prevención y manejo.
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