Efectividad del mindfulness en niños y adolescentes con diagnóstico de TDAH: Una revisión sistemática
Effectiveness of mindfulness in children and adolescents with ADHD diagnosis: A systematic review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56712/latam.v4i1.446Palabras clave:
adolescencia, mindfulness, niñez, TDAHResumen
El Trastorno por Déficit de Atención e Hiperactividad (TDAH) es un trastorno del neurodesarrollo caracterizado por la falta de atención, hiperactividad e impulsividad, que puede ser abordado por intervenciones basadas en atención plena o Mindfulness (MBI), ya que han demostrado ser estrategias que pueden mejorar los niveles de estrés, la desregulación emocional, el funcionamiento ejecutivo, la conciencia y la atención. Por tanto, el objetivo del estudio fue determinar la efectividad del Mindfulness en el tratamiento de sintomatología asociada a TDAH en niños y adolescentes, mediante una revisión sistemática de 7 artículos científicos publicados en Scopus, Web of Science y PubMed. Los resultados refieren diferencias intergrupales en las evaluaciones pre y post tratamiento; las comparaciones previas y posteriores a las pruebas reflejaron una mejoría en el rendimiento de ciertas funciones ejecutivas y desregulación emocional, específicamente en los grupos experimentales. En 6 estudios existe evidencia de mejoras estadísticamente significativas a nivel de 0.05; en 1 estudio no se mencionan medidas pre y post tratamiento, sin embargo, se reportan cambios en los problemas comportamentales de los niños tras la intervención. Se concluye que el mindfulness es una técnica eficaz, con respaldo científico y con beneficios en combinación con otras técnicas y programas dirigidos a niños y adolescentes con diagnóstico de TDAH.
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